Complex spine deformities refer to severe structural abnormalities of the spine that affect alignment, balance, and function. These include severe scoliosis, kyphosis, lordosis, spondylolisthesis, and congenital spinal malformations. Such deformities may be congenital, developmental, or acquired due to neuromuscular disorders, trauma, infections, or tumors. Patients often experience progressive spinal curvature, back pain, postural imbalance, breathing difficulties (in severe cases), and neurological symptoms like weakness or numbness. Diagnosis is established through clinical evaluation, X-rays, CT scans, and MRI to assess spinal alignment and neurological involvement. Treatment depends on severity and symptoms, ranging from bracing and physiotherapy in mild cases to complex spinal reconstruction surgery (e.g., osteotomies, spinal fusion with instrumentation) for severe deformities to restore balance and prevent further deterioration.