Traumatic spine injuries

Traumatic spine injuries (TSIs) occur due to high-impact forces such as road traffic accidents, falls from height, sports injuries, or violent trauma. These injuries can damage the vertebrae, intervertebral discs, ligaments, spinal cord, and surrounding tissues, leading to various neurological deficits ranging from mild sensory impairments to complete paralysis. The severity depends on the level of the injury and the extent of spinal cord involvement. Prompt diagnosis, immobilization, and timely medical or surgical intervention are crucial in preventing further neurological deterioration. Rehabilitation, including physiotherapy and occupational therapy, plays a significant role in recovery and improving the patient’s quality of life.

  • Causes: Road traffic accidents, falls, sports injuries, violence (gunshot/stabbing).

  • Types: Stable vs. unstable fractures, complete vs. incomplete spinal cord injuries, vertebral dislocations, compression fractures.

  • Symptoms: Pain, loss of sensation, muscle weakness, paralysis, bowel/bladder dysfunction.

  • Diagnosis: Clinical examination, X-ray, CT scan, MRI.

  • Management: Spinal immobilization, pain management, surgery (if required), rehabilitation.

  • Prognosis: Depends on injury severity, early treatment, and rehabilitation efforts.

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